SDH Overview

Overview An Overview of Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) that has been designed to offer an overview of existing Backbone Digital Transmission Hierarchies compared against the technology that is SDH. Duration - 1 Day.

Who will benefit

Anyone who works within the SDH/Transmission arena.

Prerequisites

Introduction to Telecommunications or An understanding of Telecommunications technology would be advantageous but not essential.

By the end of the course delegates will be able to describe:

By the end of the course delegates will be able to describe: • The role of the Communication Layers • The basics of Multiplexing • The PDH Hierarchy, and its limitations • Advantages of SDH • The different SDH equipment and Network topologies • Multiplexing and traffic handling within SDH • The use of Functional Blocks • How Synchronisation is used within SDH • Network Protection • The role of DCN and NEM • Alarm & Error Generation, Interaction & Monitoring

Course Content

Introduction The Communication Layers. The Role of the Transport Network. Overview of PDH. PDH Hierarchy. PDH Multiplexing Mapping Structure. Principles of PDH Multiplexing. Versions of Time Division Multiplexing. Limitations of PDH. SDH Introduction PDH -SDH Comparisons. Advantages of SDH. ITU-T Recommendations/Standards for SDH. Comparisons and differences between SDH/SONET. SDH and SONET Bit Rates. SDH Multiplexing Hierarchy. Analogy of SDH Multiplexing Hierarchy. Definition of Path and Section Overheads. SDH Functional View Overview of SDH Functional Blocks. Description of Functional Modules. Use of Concatenation in SDH. Description of Contiguous Concatenation. Description of Virtual Concatenation. SDH Equipment Configuration and Topologies SDH Transmission Rates. SDH Electrical and Optical Interfaces. SDH Terminal Multiplexer (TM). SDH TM Configuration examples. SDH Add Drop Multiplexer (ADM). SDH ADM Configuration examples. SDH Digital Cross Connects (DXC). SDH Network Sections. SDH Point to Point. SDH Ring Networks. SDH Star Topology. SDH Meshed Network. Example of SDH Network SDH Multiplexing Technique Multiplexing Terminology. Mapping and Aligning Tributary Signals (Containers 'C'). Virtual Container (VC) Path Overheads. VC's into Tributary Units (TU). TU Pointers, Multiplexing TU's into a Tributary Unit Group 2 (TUG2). Multiplexing TUG2's into TUG 3. Multiplexing TUG 3's into VC 4. Multiplexing numbering scheme. VC 4 Path Overheads. Administrative Unit (AU 4) Pointer. Role of the AU 3. Role of the Administrative Unit Group (AUG). STM-N Section Overheads. Example of a Complete STM-N. SDH Network Synchronisation Need for Synchronisation. Clock Qualities. Equipment Timing Options. Distribution of Timing in SDH Networks (PAMS). ITU-T Synchronisation Network Reference Chains. Timing Reference Selection and Status. SDH Protection Hardware Component Protection. Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) 1+1, MSP 1:1,and MSP 1:N. Sub Network Connection Protection (SNCP). Network Protection Options. Dedicated Protection Ring (DPRing). Multiplexed Section Protection Ring (MS SPRing). SDH Management Definition of Network Management. Role of Network and Element Managers (NEM). Role of Local Controllers (LC). Access of Network from Management Platforms. Layout of DCN. Examples of options for Access via the DCN onto SDH. SDH Auxiliary and Alarm Functionality Examples of SDH Alarms. SDH Alarm Generation and Interaction. SDH Alarm. Error Monitoring Signals and Alarms.