WDM/DWDM Introductory
Overview A comprehensive two-day technical introduction to the terminology and technology that comprises Wave and Dense Wave Division Multiplexing, and the technologies carried over WDM/DWDM. Duration - 2 Days.
Who will benefit
Network/Systems engineers/Operators/Planners, working within the SDH, WDM/DWDM Arena.
Prerequisites
Introduction to Telecommunications or an understanding of Telecommunications technology including a basic understanding of SDH.
By the end of the course delegates will be able to describe:
By the end of the course delegates will be able to describe: • The OSI Concept • The role of Communications Layers • The role of the ITU-T • SDH/SONET Multiplexing structure and topologies • Network Management and Access via management platforms • WDM Theory • Fibre and light Components • WDM Equipment Components • WDM Traffic Architecture • Network Topologies • Protection rules and options in WDM • Management of WDM • Transportation of other technologies over WDM • Current and Ongoing Development in WDM
Course Content
Introduction The need for communications Overview of the OSI concept Description of OSI model and each of it's layers The communication layers The role of the transport Multiplexing principles Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). SDH/SONET Introduction SDH/SONET Standards SDH and SONET bit rates Paths/Lines and sections SDH/SONET network sections SDH multiplexing structure SONET multiplexing structure Regenerator and multiplex section overheads STM - N section overhead Hardware, Software and power component protection Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) options Sub Network Connection Protection (SNCP) Network Protections (DPRing and MSSPring) Network Management Network Management Overview Data Communications Network (DCN) Management Information Base (MIB) Hardware and Software Components Access to networks from management platformsDCC functionality and data flow Layout of DCN Example of a DCN connection to the network Introduction to WDM Advantages of WDM over SDH/SONET What is Photonics Why Photonics Forces driving network changes Options for dealing with bandwidth demands and solutions for new bandwidth What is WDM WDM benefits in long haul Composition of the communication planes Differences between SDH physical and photonic layers The Electromagnetic wave spectrum Possible bands for photonics Bands used for photonics Recommendations and regulatory bodies for WDM Difference between WDM and DWDM WDM Equipment Components Equipment components and building blocks Optical Terminal Multiplexers (OTM) Optical Add Drop Multiplexers (OADM) Circulators Serial Demultiplexers using gratings Serial Multiplexers using gratings ADM filter module OADM technology options Parallel multiplexing Parallel Demultiplexing Amplifier characteristics Optical amplifiers types Optical amplifier block diagram Erbuim Doped Fibre Amplifiers (EDFA) Transponders Combiners WDM/DWDM Hubs Optical switch parameters and switches Optical and electrical cross connects (OXC's/DXC's) Types of cross connects (Transparent/Opaque) Advantages/Disadvantages of optical cross connects WDM Network Topologies WDM network sections WDM add-drop multiplexing Fixed add-drop multiplexing Configurable add-drop multiplexing Fully configurable add-drop multiplexing Long haul WDM Very Long Haul WDM, Ultra Long Haul WDM Point to point topology OADM chain Ring topology Mesh topology Star topology OADM Mesh ring OADM Hub ring Network mesh topology WDM network roles Examples of combined WDM and other technology network	Fibre and light components Overview of fibre How can information be passed over fibre How is fibre made Different material used to make fibre How does fibre work What are the components parts of fibre work Optical fibre specifications Options for modes of fibre Multimode fibre Monomode fibre What is Erbium Erbium Doped fibre Fibre power limits Fibre connections Fibre connectors Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Lasers Fibre attenuation or loss Dispersion Chromatic Dispersion Limits (ITU-T) Effects of dispersion Channel Spacing and Signal Direction What is Four Wave Mixing (FWM) Impact and countermeasures to FWM on WDM Protection for WDM Equipment protection options OMSP 1+ 1 OSNCP Self Healing Optical Ring (SHOR) Wavelength reuse Optical Supervisor Channels Example of 1 + 1 protection WDM Management Options The Data Communications Network (DCN) Monitoring traffic within an WDM Network Section overheads to control WDM Section and path overheads SDH and digital wrapper frames Signal quality monitor (SQM) Signal quality monitor (SQM) architecture Network control and management OPC Span Of Control (SOC) Connecting multiple spans Communications between partitioned OPC's using a DCC Bridge Network management levels Transportation of other technologies over WDM Introduction to WDM access Transparent networks SDH/SONET over WDM IP over WDM ATM over WDM Current and ongoing development in WDM The future of WDM Changes in the protocols layer Recent improvements to EDFA bandwidth New types of fibre (high bit rates) Bandwidth options Traffic capacity growth Understanding MPLS Data driving future traffic growth The future of WDM/DWDM